Women’s gymnastics made its debut at the 1928 Olympic Games held in Amsterdam, and Netherlands’ lady gymnasts won the gold medal. Five members of the 1928 Dutch team were Jewish. Coach Gerrit Kleerekoper was also Jewish.

Although the 1928 women gymnasts competed in various events—Drill, Apparatus, and Jumps—gold, silver, and bronze medals were awarded only for all-around Team performance.

Of the Netherlands’ champion Jewish Olympic gymnasts, only Elka
de Levie did not perish in the Holocaust. She died in Amsterdam at the age of 74.